The National Cancer Institute was established by the National Cancer Act of 1971, signed into law by President Richard Nixon. It represented the U.S. commitment to what President Nixon described as the “war on cancer,” which had become the nation’s second-leading cause of death by 1970. Judith Pearson, a 1975 graduate of the College of Arts & Letters with a B.A. in French, English, and Secondary Education, who also is a biographer and cancer survivor, shares her battle with the disease and how a major discovery at MSU helped to save her life. She wrote the following article for alumni.msu.edu.

Time is a funny thing. At the very moment we experience an event, an entire spectrum of human events is unfolding across the globe, involving the world’s other 7.5 billion people. And I find it particularly fascinating when some of those seemingly unrelated events collide. 

When Dr. Rosenberg discovered what would come to be called cisplatin, I was in seventh grade. It didn’t matter that high school graduation was six years off; my university destination had been pre-determined. My father (Edwin Foster, ’50, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources) had made it clear that my brother (Chip Foster, ’82, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources) and I could go to any college in the city of East Lansing. It sounds cute, but he wasn’t kidding. Thus, when September 1971 rolled around, I officially became a Spartan. 

As I was settling into 313 W. Butterfield Hall, the grim survival rate for those diagnosed with cancer was less than 50 percent. Treatment options were few. But research in anti-cancer drugs (later called chemotherapy) was on the rise, as was combining those drugs into a powerful cancer-killing cocktail. Cisplatin would become “the backbone of combination chemotherapy.” In addition, cancer research was about to be accelerated by the National Cancer Act.

A year before I arrived on campus, beleaguered President Richard Nixon’s approval rating was as grim as the cancer statistics. He had won the 1968 election by promising a “secret” plan to end the war in Southeast Asia. But no plan had materialized. Over on Capitol Hill, however, a heated discussion about national health had become a full-blown fire. And Nixon’s advisers seized upon it. The president could officially declare war on cancer by increasing research funding. Someone even suggested the disease would be cured by the nation’s 1976 bicentennial. It was a win-win for patients and the president alike. Taking on cancer with such bravado could (and did) return Nixon to the White House for a second term. It was a fight behind which everyone — Republicans and Democrats — could rally. 

So while I was enjoying Christmas break amid family and friends, Nixon’s war on cancer officially began when he signed the act on December 23, 1971. It promised an unprecedented $1.6 billion ($8.3 billion today) over three years for cancer research. Perfect timing for cisplatin, which went into human clinical trials in 1972 (the year I officially became a French major). I graduated in 1975, and when the bicentennial celebration arrived the next year, Nixon had resigned in disgrace, and cancer was still killing. 

By the time cisplatin received Food and Drug Administration approval in 1978, I was married, teaching high school French and coaching basketball, completely unaware of these cancer-related events. I was healthy. My family was healthy. I knew nothing — and I mean nothing — about cancer until April 8, 2011. Two months after a clean mammogram, I found a lump in my cleavage and was diagnosed with triple-negative breast cancer. Following a mastectomy, my oncologist told me this type of cancer was particularly aggressive, requiring equally aggressive chemotherapy. And it would begin with cisplatin. The drug’s initial success had been in testicular cancer, and then ovarian. Since the cell structure of triple-negative is more akin to ovarian than other breast cancers, it was a crucial workhorse to deliver me to the land of NED (the medical acronym for no evidence of disease).

But cisplatin is not without its problems. The horrible side effects include severe nausea and vomiting, which I can thoroughly attest to. Dr. Gwen Wyatt, MSU Professor of Nursing, has devoted decades working with advanced-stage breast cancer survivors. Her compassion for them was clearly evident in a recent chat. She told me the patients she had encountered throughout her career have been her inspiration. And she explained that while doctors prescribe and treat, the nurses look at how the patients respond to those treatments. Her research into survivors’ quality of life, as well as complementary and integrative cancer care, has been ground-breaking, including using reflexology and teaching patients self-administered acupressure for fatigue. If only I had known Dr. Wyatt during and after my own treatment!

I have one more fascinating event collision to share. I am a biographer by profession. My career was derailed by my cancer diagnosis, so I founded a small nonprofit while waiting to discover the next great story to tell. The nonprofit led me to an amazing woman survivor whose story is really great, and she became the inspiration for my most recent book. Published in March of this year, “From Shadows to Life: A Biography of the Cancer Survivorship Movement” is the shared history of the 17 million cancer survivors in America.

Until the last part of the 20th century, cancer patients and survivors were called “victims,” not a description I would have ever accepted. As the disease was thought to be contagious, the “victims” lived in the shadows as social pariahs. Rarely was their illness discussed, even within the confines of the family. If ever their secret came out, survivors (who couldn’t be called as such until a moving target of time had passed) could lose their jobs, couldn’t join the military, couldn’t adopt children, and more. It was only when a group of 23 individuals, all with a connection to cancer — and including the amazing woman I was introduced to — came together in 1986. The discrimination and victimhood changed when they launched the cancer survivorship movement. And my book research is the reason I now know all these facts.

The timing of this book’s publication is perfectly prophetic. In addition to this year being the 50th anniversary of my freshman arrival at MSU, it’s also the 50th anniversary for Nixon’s war on cancer. It is the 35th anniversary of the cancer survivorship movement’s founding. And finally, it is the 10th anniversary of my diagnosis. 

The achievements of Dr. Rosenberg and Loretta VanCamp, his laboratory supervisor, as well as the work of the cancer survivorship movement founders are proof positive of Margaret Mead’s famous quote. Although she died of pancreatic cancer the very year cisplatin was FDA approved, these words have made certain her name will not be forgotten: “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed individuals can change the world. In fact, it’s the only thing that ever has.”